1. What is Curricular Practical Training (CPT)? Curricular Practical Training (CPT) is a type of work authorization available to F-1 students that allows them to gain practical experience in their field of study. This employment must be either required by the student’s curriculum, necessary for a credit-bearing course or an integral part of their degree program. For more detailed information, you can refer to the USCIS guidelines on CPT.
2. What are the Eligibility Criteria for Curricular Practical Training (CPT)? To be eligible for CPT, students must have completed at least one full academic year of study in their current degree program and must be in valid F-1 status. Graduate students whose programs mandate immediate participation in an off-campus work experience may qualify for CPT before completing one academic year, provided this requirement is explicitly stated in their program’s published description. You can find more about CPT eligibility at the DHS CPT eligibility page.
3. Must I Be Enrolled in Classes While on Curricular Practical Training (CPT)? Yes, you must be enrolled in a course related to your CPT during the period of employment. If you are a full-time student (both graduate and undergraduate), you can only engage in part-time CPT, which means working no more than 20 hours per week, including any on-campus employment.
4. How Does Curricular Practical Training (CPT) Impact My Eligibility for Optional Practical Training (OPT)? Engaging in 12 months or more of full-time CPT will make you ineligible for Optional Practical Training (OPT) after graduation. However, participation in part-time CPT does not affect your eligibility for post-completion OPT.
5. What Is Considered Part-Time Curricular Practical Training (CPT)? Part-time CPT involves working 20 hours or less per week while you are enrolled in classes. The employment authorization on your I-20 will specify part-time CPT, and you must adhere to this limit to maintain your F-1 status.
6. What Is Considered Full-Time Curricular Practical Training (CPT)? Full-time CPT is defined as employment that exceeds 20 hours per week. You can engage in full-time CPT regardless of whether you are enrolled full-time or part-time in classes. There is no maximum duration for full-time CPT, but exceeding 12 months of full-time CPT will make you ineligible for post-completion OPT.
7. Do I Have to Pay U.S. Taxes on My Salary Earned Through CPT? Generally, F-1 students in the U.S. for five years or less are exempt from Social Security and Medicare (FICA) taxes. However, F-1 students must pay federal, state, and local taxes. It’s important to inform your employer about your tax exemptions, as many may not be aware of these specific rules. For detailed tax information, refer to the IRS guidelines for foreign students.
8. What Proof of Employment Authorization Can I Provide to My Employer for CPT? Your Form I-20, which has been authorized by OISS for CPT, serves as your proof of employment authorization. You should present your I-20, along with your passport and I-94 card, to your employer. These documents will enable your employer to complete the Employment Eligibility Verification Form I-9. All employers are required to complete an I-9 form for every employee. For more information, visit the USCIS Employment Eligibility Verification page.
For more comprehensive details about CPT, visit the USCIS Curricular Practical Training page.
